Purpose
This Procedure describes more specific aspects of the preparation of design and construction documents for street and bridge projects managed by the Bureau of Engineering (BOE). For general or typical aspects of the design process applicable to all project types, please refer to Procedure 8.1. For specific design methods, procedures, and guidelines, refer to the Street and Structural Design Manuals.
References
Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction (Green Book) – Latest Edition
American Public Works Association – Standard Plans for Public Works Construction
Responsibilities
Project Manager (PM): The PM is responsible, normally through the efforts of the Project Engineer, for the completion of the design documents within the schedule and to the satisfaction of the client. The PM is also responsible for insuring that quality assurance / quality control (QA/QC) procedures are followed and that the project remains within the approved budget and is consistent with the concept presented in the Pre-Design Report.
Project Engineer (PE): The PE will be responsible for the preparation, coordination, updating, and revision of the design and construction documents. The PE is required to follow the procedures outlined in this Chapter to protect public health, safety, welfare, and to ensure successful completion of the project. These procedures facilitate the production of accurate, consistent, complete, and understandable final plans and specifications to be used to initiate and complete the construction of a project. The PE is responsible for coordinating the design documents with all of the design disciplines that have contributed to the project.
Procedure
The Design Process
The preparation of final design documents starts with the transition from Pre-Design activities to the development of detailed design and finishes with the development of final construction plans and specifications. During the design process, the PE and Design Team will implement the Pre-Design Report along with survey, right-of-way, geotechnical, and utility information to produce a set of final construction plans and specifications in accordance with current design standards. The Design Team will also document and present the plans and specifications to the Client/User for approval, as well as complete the Ready to Advertise (RTA) checklist.
Development of the Technical Specifications should begin with the initiation of the Design Phase. Refer to Procedure 8.2 and Chapter 10 for additional discussion of specifications, bid documents, and the bid proposal.
Construction documents are the final plans, specifications, and special provisions. Construction documents must be accurate, consistent, complete, and understandable.
Typical Activities
Prepare design drawings based on the approved Pre-Design Report and selected project alternative.
Participate in regular project reviews and discussions with the Client/User.
Document Client/User meetings and monitor/evaluate the impact of decisions on project scope, cost, and schedule.
Actively coordinate the work of Consultants (if used) during the design phase.
Develop a plan sheet index consistent with BOE labeling and numbering standards which includes all design disciplines for the project.
Develop a schedule for preparation of construction documents with interdisciplinary reviews consistent with the 50% and 90% design milestones.
Implement the QA/QC Plan, as discussed in Chapter 9 of this Manual, to assure technical accuracy and clarity.
Update the construction cost estimate at the 20%, 50%, and 90% design milestones and compare it to the project budget.
Look for and address complicated or extensive utility coordination issues at the 50% and 90% design milestones.
Submit the 90% plans and specifications to Project Award and Control Division – Utility Coordination Section.
Investigate product literature and/or question vendors/manufacturers about material selection information.
Conduct third party constructability review of all construction documents.
Verify that revisions and corrections from interdisciplinary reviews, document mock-ups, and redlined drawings are properly addressed.
Cross-check products and materials called for in the Special Provisions for consistency with corresponding terminology and descriptions in the project plans.
Closely evaluate the impact of design changes past the 50% milestone on the project plans and specifications.
Conduct final document review for compliance with applicable codes, regulations, and procedures.
Obtain required approvals and permits consistent with the timelines in the project schedule.
Determine project staging to identify the need for project detour and construction traffic lane requirements.
Include plan sheets, as necessary, for the Bureau of Street Lighting and Department of Transportation.
Typical Issues
Structural section of the pavement.
Constructability (reference Chapter 9 of this Manual).
Interfacing with other design disciplines.
Utility interference.
Structural, street light, traffic signal, geometric design, storm drain and sewer requirements.
Clarity and organization of construction materials and equipment to be used in terms of sequence of construction, cost, and interface on the job site.
Basic layout of all design features to assure design integration, coordination, and adequacy.
Finalizing design choices in plan, elevation, and cross-section including intersection design.
Design schedule and budget.
Project funding Cash Flow Analysis.
Special material research in relation to budget and construction schedule.
Deliverables
An accurate, consistent and complete set of bid documents, including the plans of all design disciplines, a complete set of project specifications, and the RTA checklist.
Constructability review report and responses.
The project notebook and all calculations for structural section, vertical and horizontal curves as well as any drainage analysis that may be required.
Geotechnical report.
Completed QA/QC checklists (see Chapter 9).
An updated project budget and schedule.
Design Plan Sheets
In addition to Procedure 8.8 – Typical Plan Set Requirements, the following should be observed for the design plan sheets:
Street Design:
Cross sections are usually shown after the First Sheet, depicting right-of-way, centerline, proposed roadway dimensions and structural pavement sections (including materials).
Plan layout (profile views are optional) depicting the following:
Right-of-way, centerline, existing improvements (curb, driveways, catch basins, and inlets, etc.), surveyed culture (i.e., trees, storm drain and sewer manholes, walls and fences, building footprints, and utilities).
Proposed centerline (if modified), curb, driveways, catch basins, and curb ramps.
Elevations, ties (dimensions), curve data tables, and design details.
Note: All existing data should be shown with dashed lines and proposed data is shown with solid lines.
Bridge Design:
Structural Plans are commenced after conceptual Architectural and Cultural Affairs approval. Structural plans should be arranged in a logical construction sequence.
Title Sheet: to include General Notes/Notice to Contractors, list of Standard Plans used for this project, Legend, Index to Sheets, and Location Map.
Structural Notes: includes all requirements for site work, specifications for structural materials used for the projects, Design Codes, Design loadings, Design stresses, and other specific design/construction requirements.
General Plan: Typical Sections and Elevations of the bridge: show Stations at beginning and ending of the bridge, City Property lines, existing/new conduits, utility lines, power poles, street lighting, Los Angeles Flood Channel and/or railroad under bridge, etc. Type selection should address Cast-in-place, Pre-stress or Post-Tension type of construction. Coordination of inter-office disciplines for Deck Elevations, Drainage, Alignment, Lighting, Environmental, etc.
Demolition Plan: Construction Staging, Sections, and Details.
Foundation Plan: if piles are used, Pile Data Table shall be shown on the plan, which includes the design loadings, the nominal compression and tension resistances of piles, bottom of pile cap elevations, designed-pile tip elevations, and specified-pile tip elevations.
Abutments: Layout, Weep holes or drainage layout at abutment Elevation, Pier or Bent Plan, Sections, and Details.
Wing walls, Retaining Walls, and Details.
Detail sheets should cover: Girder and Bearing Details, Framing Plan and Diaphragms, Deck Reinforcement and Details, Deck Sections and Details, Guardrail Details, Sidewalk, Approach Slab, Expansion Joints and Miscellaneous Details.
Log of Testing Borings from Geotechnical Division.
RELATED PROCEDURES
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